Staircase Terminology: A DIY Dictionary

Before we dive into the building codes themselves, let’s make sure we’re speaking the same language. Here are some key staircase terms you’ll encounter throughout this guide, explained in plain English:

Alternating Tread Device: This is a space-saving type of staircase where the steps are arranged in a zig-zag pattern, kind of like a ladder. You step on alternating treads as you climb, so you don’t have both feet on the same level at the same time.

Building: In the context of these codes, a “building” refers to any structure used as a home, whether it’s a single-family house, a townhouse, or even just a part of a house that’s used for living purposes.

Flight: Imagine a staircase as a journey. A “flight” is one continuous section of that journey, from one landing to another. It’s a series of steps without any interruptions.

Guard: A guard is a safety feature designed to prevent falls from elevated areas like balconies, landings, or decks. It’s usually a railing system that runs along the open sides of these areas.

Handrail: This is the part of the staircase you hold onto for support and guidance. It can be horizontal or sloped, and it’s essential for safety, especially for those with mobility challenges.

Nosing: This refers to the edge of a stair tread that sticks out slightly over the riser below it. It provides extra space on the tread and helps prevent slips.

Ramp: A ramp is a sloping surface that provides a gradual incline for wheelchairs and other mobility devices. It’s less steep than a staircase and allows for easier access between different levels.

Riser: This is the vertical part of a step, the part that connects one tread to the next.

Sleeping Unit: This term refers to any space within a building that’s specifically designed for sleeping, like a bedroom. It can also include other living facilities, but the main purpose is sleeping.

Stair: A single step, consisting of a riser and a tread.

Stairway: This is the complete set of stairs connecting two levels, including the flights, landings, and any platforms in between.

Spiral Stairway: This type of stairway has a circular design, with steps winding around a central pole. It’s often used in situations where space is limited.

Townhouse: A townhouse is a single-family home that shares a wall with one or more neighboring homes. It typically extends from the foundation to the roof and has open space on at least two sides.

Winder: This is a special type of stair tread that’s wider at one end than the other. It’s often used to change the direction of a staircase.

By familiarizing yourself with these terms, you’ll be better equipped to understand the building codes and apply them to your staircase renovation project.